Internal-combustion engine.



PATENTED MAY 1,1906

. J. ,3. KING. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLIUATION FILED APR. 26, 19 05.

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v I. B. KING. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.26. 1905.

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J. B. KING.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

A APPLIGATION FILED APR. 26, 1905.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JoHN BARAGWA ATH KING, or PLYMOUTH, ENGLAND.

Specification of Letters Patent.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

- Application filed April 26, 1905. Serial No. 267,457.

, with radially-disposed cylindrical recesses which form thepower-cylinders of the engine. There is an odd number of cylinders inwhich the explosions take place alternately, the

valve-gear and commutator being specially designed to suit thisarrangement.

'A, through the branches A and inlet-' i or other igniting device A.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate the invention, Figure 1is a longitudinal section of the improved engine. .Fig. 2 is apart-sectional plan thereof. Fig. 3 is a diagram showing an arrangementof brushes or contac tpieces for the commutator, and Fig. 4 aninvertedplan showing the disk to which the ends of the connecting-rodsof the engine are pivoted. 3 v

As shown in said drawings, the engine 'com rises a cored castingorcastings A of annular orm and provided with an odd number of radiallydisposed cylindrical recesses. In the present case there, are fifteencylinders arranged equidistant from one another. The said recesses areopen-ended on the inside of said annular casting and form the. explosionor power cylinders of the engine and are each provided with pistons B.Pivotally connected with said pistons B are the connecting-rods orpitmen C, the inner ends of which are pivoted to pins C, secured to adisk D. g

The explosive mixture passes from the carbureter through the annular,gas-receptacle valves A (shown as automatic-valves, thoughmechanically-operated valves mi htbe used) to the combustion-chamber Aof each cylinder, where it is fired the sparking plug The exhaust passesthrough the exhaust-ports A and annular receptacle A through theexhaust-outlets A". A space A is cored between the walls of saidcylinders, combustion-chambers and ports, and the retaining-walls of theannular casting for" cooling purposes. As

shown in Fig. 2, water is admitted through P and issues at Q, apartition or diaphragm R is pre being providedwithin and on one side ofthe cored water-space, whereby an efficient water circulation throughoutthe entire casting may be effected.

The crank-shaft E is provided with a onethrow balanced crank andoccupies the axial center of the annular casting and the crankpin theaxial center of the disk. The bear- "ings of the said crank-shaft aresupported in the castings A and A, which are bolted to the casting A andform covers thereof. When.

the engine is arranged in horizontal position,

Patented May 1, 1906.

the-lower cover formingthe base is provided with brackets for thepurpose of securing the engine. The lower cover may also be providedwith'an oil-retaining box joined in halves containing bevel-Wheel gear,the said ggear being employed in transmitting the motion and power ofthe vertical shaft to hori-\ zontal shafting, as required. The uppercover A also supports a vertical shalt M, revolving independently of thecrank-sh aft E at one-half the speed of the said crank-shaft. This maybe effected by transmitting motion from the crank-shaft by means of thepinion keyed thereto, through free pinions I on the carri'erJ to aninternally-toothed wheel K, keyed to the shaft .M, after the manner incommon use for' obtaining a reduction of speed to one-half that of thecrank-shaft. h ast on the half speed shaft M are a number of cam-bossesN,

corresponding to the number of cylinders adopted The said cambossesoperate the exhaust-valves of the engine through the intervention oflevers 0, provided with rollers P, enga ing said bosses and throughconnecting-sha s Q and cocking-levers Q on the spring-actuatedvalve-stems R. The said gearing is inclosed in a casing S, secured onthe cover A and itself having a cover T in a box on which is carried thecommutator U on the half-speed shaft M. The commutator is provided withbrushesor contactieces cor" responding in number to the num er ofcylinders employed. The numbers marked on thecommutator-contactscorrespond to the numbers on the various cylinders,and electrical connections are rovidedto the various sparking plugs. hesaid commutator erably so designed that more than one contactiece. is inelectric circuit at the same time, an the contact-pieces may bepartially rotated for retarding or advancing the time of firing, as maybe required. The disk D is formed in halves and is revented from rotating on its own center uring the revolution of the crank-shaft by meansof a reciprocat I ing cross-head V, which is provided with cross-bars W,sliding on brackets X, secured to the base A the said disk beingmeanwhile free to move in a circular ath or orbit during the rotation ofthe crank. The said cylinders are fired alternately that is, in theorder1357 911131524681012 141o1in the reverse order. As the crank-shaftthus makes two revolutions for every explosion in the same cylinder,thepiston performing four strokes for each explosion, the operations arepractically those of the Otto cycle.

It is to be understood that though I have rate balance, and obviouslythe said engine or engines maybe constructed with a horizontal shaft.Alternatively the engine may bearranged with two or more tiers ofcylinders and provided with a crank for each tier. 1

Instead of employing clutch-gearing to obtain reversal of motion theengine Ina itself be reversed, and in this case the half-speed shaftinstead of being rigidly connected with its gearing may have a limitedfree movement, so as to enable the en ine to be turned past thedead-center while the various cylinders are fired.-

Having now described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent of the United States, is v 1. The improvedinternal-combustion engine, comprising in combination an annularcasting, an odd number of cylinders havin their axes in one plane andradially dispose in said casting with spaces for water circulationbetween the same, a crank-shaft, a disk formed in two parallel halvesand connected to said crank-shaft, pistons in said cylinders,

connecting-rodsfor said pistons, ins on said ed, means for guidingsaiddisk to prevent its rotation on its own center, a centrally-disposedhalf-time shaft, gearing connecting said half-time shaft with thecrank-shaft, a commutator on said half-time shaft, commutator-segmentsdisposed so as to efie ct ignition successively in alternate cylinders,and valves for said cylinders actuated from said half-time shaft.

2. The improved internal-combustion engine, comprising in combination anannular casting, a crank-shaft, a plurality of cylinders formed in saidoastin with their axes in one plane, and dispose radially of saidcrank-shaft, a diaphragm and water inlets and outlets for circulatingwater through said annular casting, pistons adapted to reciprocate insaid cylinders, connecting-rods for said pistons, a disk formed inparallel halves and supported on the crank-pin of said crank-shaft, pinspivotally connectin said piston-rods with said disk, a cross-hea adaptedto slide in brackets secured to the.

engine-frame and preventingrotation of the disk on its own center, valvemechanism, a

half-time shaftarranged in alinement with disk to which saidconnecting-r0 s are pivot- 4 5 said crank-shaft and centrally of thevalve mechanism, gearing operating said half-time shaft from saidcrank-shaft, cams operating said valve mechanism, and a commutator onsaid half-time shaft with devices for;produc ing ignition in the'cylinders, substantially as described. 1 p

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN BARAGWANATH KING.

Witnesses:

- WALLACE FAIRW'EATHER, JNO. ARMSTRONG, Junr.

